• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:

    公开号:NL2010688A
    申请号:NL2010688
    申请日:2013-04-23
    公开日:2013-12-24
    发明作者:Martin Baldinger；Markus Baldinger
    申请人:Alois Poettinger Maschinenfabrik Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Agricultural harvesting machine
    The present invention relates to an agricultural harvesting machine, in particular in the form of a loading wagon, with a loading space and a loading dosing device for unloading and dosing the harvested goods from / from the loading space.
    In agricultural harvesting machines such as loading wagons, it is desirable that harvested goods, in particular harvested goods storage, such as, for example, hay or grass, or other hams or leaf material in the form of a uniform harvesting carpet, be able to unload the harvested goods in the loading space in the loading bay. unloading feed trough from a stalling device or being able to spread it along a unloading path for other types of processing. In particular, a compact, evenly distributed feed carpet is important for storage, or rather for compacting the crop in a silo. With sufficient uniformity of the harvested carpet, it can then be compacted by a towed roller, whereby the filling time of the slot silos can be reduced, which has a favorable effect on the fermentation quality of the silage grass. Also with stationary unloading, for example in a feed store, which may optionally be provided with a conveyor belt in the unloading area, it is desirable to unload the harvested goods evenly as much as possible, ie a harvested goods with the same volume and / or density and / or the same density. constant thickness and / or constant width of either loading and dosing from the crop storage.
    Such uniform loading and dosing of harvested goods from / from the harvested goods storage of the agricultural machine has hitherto often been difficult and dependent on the skill of the implement driver, who with feeling or experience the machine speed and thus the speed of the unloading dosing device and possibly the driving speed of controls the harvesting machine through variation of drive control, to lay down a uniform harvesting carpet. The difficulty here is that the machine operator often cannot see the laid down carpet floor himself or has a limited, moderate view of it through the mirror, and on the other hand often unforeseeable irregularities, for example uneven structure of the feed stock in the harvested goods storage of the loading wagon even at Uniformly performed unloading progress and unloading operating parameters lead to an uneven unloading swath. For example, when loading the crop material storage, different parts of the crop material storage with different densities or different heights can be loaded, so that the unloading dosing device during unloading progress is fed into the crop material storage, for example, with a non-uniform crop quantity, which in turn results in an uneven unloading swath .
    The present invention has for its object to provide an improved agricultural harvesting machine of the type mentioned in the preamble, which avoids the disadvantages of the prior art and advantageously further develops the latter. In particular, unloading a uniform crop material carpet from / from the crop material storage will be facilitated.
    This object is achieved by the invention with an agricultural harvesting machine according to claim 1. Preferred embodiments according to the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.
    Provision is made for monitoring the load occurring at the unloading dosing device of the unloaded or unloaded crop flow or other unloading operating parameter characteristic of the unloading progress and, in dependence thereof, a control signal for driving the unloading dispensing device, the transport speed of the harvesting machine or another unloading operation parameters influencing the unloading progress. According to the invention, a first unloading operation parameters characteristic of the unloading progress is monitored by a monitoring device and, depending on these first unloading operation parameters, are made available via a control device and control signal for at least one second unloading operation parameters influencing the unloading progress. The second unloading operation parameter that is controllable by the control device is in particular not identical to the monitored drive operation parameter here, but differs therefrom, so that another unloading operation parameter can be controlled automatically depending on a monitored unloading operation parameter. The unloading control is not limited to simple monitoring of a fixed target value, for example for the dosing roller speed, but gives a target value for a relevant unload parameter parameter variable and takes into account relevant actual values of unload parameters.
    The control device hereby controls the said at least some unloading operating parameter, for example, or sets the control signal for this unloading operating parameter such that as a result an at least approximately uniform crop flow is unloaded or a uniform crop crop is unloaded and / or a desired profile of the unloaded crop crop carpet or the unloaded crop material flow is reached. Normally it is desirable to lay down a harvest carpet as long as possible over the length or the unloading time or to unload harvest crop, but it may also be desirable to have a crop carpet that changes in length and / or over time in a predetermined manner or to unload crop material flow, for example to deposit more or less crop material in predetermined areas of a feeding trough than in other areas, for example to provide young people with less food than mature ones. The control device can control the relevant operating parameters influencing the unloading progress in dependence on a monitored unloading operating parameter such that the unloaded crop carpet or the unloaded crop flow obtains a desired unloading profile or unloading carpet thickness over the unloading length or time or as close as possible. The desired unloading profile can be predetermined or be stored or, in a further embodiment according to the invention, can also be variably recorded, for example by corresponding input means, with which the desired unloading profile can be freely prescribed or changed to an example.
    Basically, different unloading operating parameters can be monitored and / or various unloading operating parameters can be controlled variably. In a further embodiment of the invention, the monitor device monitors the load occurring on the discharge dosing device as discharge operating parameters, for example in the form of a transport resistance, a driving moment, a driving force and / or load absorption of the drive of the loading dosing device. In a manner known per se, the unloading dosing device can comprise at least one rotatable drivable dosing roller, wherein the monitoring device advantageously in this case monitors the dosing roller speed, which varies at least to some extent characteristic of the unloaded harvested goods quantity, since this is strongly dependent on the throughput amount of the harvested material through the metering roller device. Alternatively or additionally, the unloading dosing device may be provided with a discharge conveyor assigned to a harvested goods storage wall, for example a storage floor conveyor, in particular in the form of a loose bottom, wherein in this case alternatively or additionally to the monitoring of the dosing roller moment whether drive power for this discharge transport can be monitored.
    In an advantageous further embodiment according to the invention, the unloading dosing device comprises at least one electric motor and / or at least one hydraulic motor for driving at least one transport unit of the unloading dosing device. This makes it possible on the one hand to control the transport speed of the transport unit in question in a simple manner, in particular to change independently of the travel speed of the harvesting machine and / or independently of the speed of the driving motor, in particular of the trailer motor. to fit. In addition, the load or power consumption of the unloading dosing device can be determined in a simple manner, for example with a flow meter or another electrical size determination device, to determine the electric power consumption of the electric motor, or a pressure meter or other hydraulic size measurement device, to control the hydraulic power consumption of the hydraulic motor.
    In a further embodiment according to the invention, the aforementioned monitoring device can monitor the electric or hydraulic power consumption of the motor or the motors for driving the metering roller, so that the control device depends on the determined electrical or hydraulic power consumption, for example the speed of said metering roller and / or or the driving speed of the harvesting machine or a control signal therefor can vary in order to obtain a harvesting carpet that is loaded as uniformly as possible. Alternatively or additionally, the monitoring device can monitor the electrical or hydraulic power take-up of the unloading floor drive, so that the control device, depending on the determined unloading bottom power take-up, unload the metering roll speed and / or the unloading bottom speed and / or the travel speed of the harvesting machine or a control signal for this can vary or adapt, in order to unload a crop carpet that is as even as possible or to give the loaded crop carpet the desired profile.
    In particular, the control device can be designed in such a way that with decreasing load and / or decreasing torque and / or decreasing power consumption the metering roller drive and / or the unloading floor drive or the unloading drive is generally increased the transport speed and / or the traveling speed of the harvesting machine moderation, in particular the metering roller speed is increased and / or the unloaded bottom speed is increased, for example, as long as a desired load or power decrease is reached or a transport speed limit is reached and / or a driving speed lower limit is reached. Alternatively or additionally, the conveying speed of the unloading dosing device, in particular the metering roller speed and / or the unloading bottom speed, can be reduced and / or the driving speed of the harvesting machine when the load and / or the power consumption of the drive of the unloading dosing device increases and / or exceeds a predetermined amount and / or exceeds the increase in predetermined amount and / or continues over a predetermined time interval.
    Alternatively or additionally, the monitor device can also monitor the unloaded and / or unloadable harvest carpet or harvest stock. In particular, an unloaded harvested carpet can be detected by means of an image detection device in the form of at least one camera, wherein the thickness and / or the width and / or the cross-sectional contour can be detected by means of an analysis device from the recorded image of the unloaded harvested carpet. and / or the volume and / or the geometry thereof can be determined, depending on which the control device can adjust or vary at least one of the load operating parameters influencing the unloading progress, or make a control signal available for this, to achieve the desired uniformity or reach the desired unloading profile. If, for example, it is determined by means of the image detection device that the harvest carpet becomes too thin or generally too small, the control device can, for example, increase the conveying speed of the unloading dosing device, in particular the metering roll speed. Conversely, with a too wide or too thick harvest carpet, the said transport speed can be moderated. Alternatively or additionally, the speed can also be increased or decreased accordingly, or a control signal can be issued for this purpose.
    As an alternative or in addition to such an image detection device aimed at the unloading area, the monitoring device can for instance be provided with contact-free scanning device for scanning the unloaded crop carpet, for example one or more ultrasonic sensors and / or one or more radar sensors and / or one or a plurality of acoustic sensors operating in the audible area, by means of which the thickness and / or the quantity and / or the width and / or the cross-sectional shape and / or the volume and / or another characteristic quantity of the unloaded harvested carpet material is determined.
    Alternatively or in addition to monitoring the harvested carpet material that has already been unloaded, the monitoring device can also monitor the crop stock or carpet or stream arriving at the unloading dosing device, for example by an image detection device preferably comprising at least one camera and / or non-contact scanning sensors of the above-mentioned type, which monitor the harvested material arriving at the metering device. As a result, the control can already be influenced in advance, for example in such a way that with an increasing amount of harvested goods that arrives at the dosing device, the unloading floor drive or another feed and / or the dosing roller is weakened in its transport speed and / or the driving speed is increased , to make the discharge current even. If, for example, scanning sensors arranged in crop material storage and / or an image detection device detecting the crop material storage that the crop stock arriving at the metering roller increases in height, the control device can moderate the unloaded soil speed, while conversely it can also increase it when said crop storage height decreases, so that the load on the metering rollers is uniformly anticipated.
    As an alternative or in addition to the aforementioned unloading operating parameters, the monitor device can also monitor other unloading operating parameters, for example the traveling speed, the degree of filling of the harvested goods storage, the cutting force of a cutting device used for loading the harvested goods, or the density of the harvested goods included in the harvested goods storage. , for example by related non-contact scanning of the harvestable swath that is still lying on the floor. For example, with increasing travel speed upon unloading, the transport speed of the unloading device can also be increased automatically to unload a uniform harvesting carpet, while alternatively or additionally with decreasing driving speed the transport speed of the unloading dosing device can also be reduced. Alternatively or additionally, for example, the determined crop density of the picked crop and / or the cutting load when picking up the crop can also be drawn as to the condition of the crop to be unloaded, in order to then adjust those unloading operating parameters which influence the unloading progress accordingly. to adjust. For example, with very dense crop and / or high cutting pressure, the transport speed of the unloading dosing device can be reduced and / or the travel speed when unloading can be increased, so that the unloading current does not become too high.
    The control device can in this case operate fully automatically, but also only semi-automatically, for example in such a way that a control signal for the relevant unloading operating parameter is only transmitted and delivered in order to facilitate suitable intervention by the machine operator. For example, a control signal with respect to the driving speed can be issued, for example in the form of "faster - hold speed - slower", to facilitate the driver in choosing the appropriate speed. Alternatively or additionally to this, one or all unloading operating parameters can also be controlled fully automatically by the control device, in particular such that the control device outputs the relevant setting signal directly to the corresponding controller, in order to automatically switch on the relevant unloading operating parameter such as, for example, dosing roll speed, unloading bottom speed or travel speed. when the monitoring device detects a change in the respective monitored operating parameters.
    The present invention is explained in more detail below with reference to an exemplary embodiment and the drawing relating thereto. In the drawing:
    FIG. 1: a schematic side view of an agricultural harvesting machine in the form of a loading wagon.
    The harvesting machine 1 in the form of a loading wagon 1 shown in Fig. 1 is pulled in a manner known per se by a tractor 2 and is provided with a harvesting material receiving device 3, which is a pick-up collection conveyor 10 for receiving and collecting the harvesting material from the ground, for example in the form of a pick-up 4 with a continuously driven drivable roller 12, as well as a loading conveyor 11 placed successively over said pick-up conveyor 10, which crop material picked up by pick-up collector conveyor 10 through a transport channel in the cargo hold or the transports harvested goods storage 5 from the loading wagon.
    In the interior of the loading space, the harvested goods can be transported or distributed further by means of a storage floor conveyor in the form of a unloading floor 8, wherein the relevant unloading floor 8 in particular also serves for unloading the loading space or unloading the harvested goods. Said unloading floor 8 transports the harvested goods into the loading space in the direction of an assembly of a plurality of metering rollers, which can be provided on the rear side of the loading wagon or the receiving device 3 opposite side of the loading space 5. The said metering rollers 7 form, together with the unloading floor 8, a unloading dosing device 6, by means of which the harvested goods received in the loading space 5 can be unloaded in the form of a harvested carpet 25, while the tractor 5 moves the loading wagon 1 forward at a travel speed 26.
    As Fig. 1 shows, the said metering rollers 7 can be provided, for example, lying one above the other along the rear wall of the loading space 8, but other arrangements, for example in the upright embodiment, can also be provided.
    Said metering rollers 7 are drivable with a metering roller drive 7 rotating at variable speed, wherein said metering roller drive 17 can be supplied with drive energy from tractor 2, advantageously controlled independently of the speed of the tractor engine or the driving speed of the tractor, ie be varied. In particular, the said metering roller drive 17 may comprise an electric or hydraulic drive motor, which is only schematically shown in FIG. The metering rollers 7 can either be driven single, or possibly also be driven by a common drive motor with interconnection of a clutch drive.
    The aforementioned unloading floor 8 is drivable by means of an unloading floor drive 27, which is advantageously also supplied with energy from tractor 2, but is adjustable independently of the tractor engine speed and tractor driving speed with respect to its transport speed. A hydraulic or an electric drive motor can also be advantageously used here.
    Said metering roller drive 17 and said unloading floor drive 27 can be controlled from a control device 9, which can be designed, for example, in the form of a computer on loading wagon 1, but can optionally also be designed as a control terminal, which is installed on the tractor.
    Said control device 9 is herein connected to various detection devices or sensors, via which various operating or processing parameters can be detected. These sensors, which form part of a monitor device 14 for the unloading drive, can in particular be a driving speed sensor 28 for detecting the driving speed 26, a torque or load sensor 29 for detecting the torque or the loading of the metering rollers 7 and a torque or load sensor 30 for detecting the load or torque of the unloading bottom drive. The said torque or load sensors 29 and 30 can be designed differently here, for example in the form of current measuring sensors, which measure the operating current of the electric drive motor, or in the form of hydraulic pressure sensors, which measure the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic drive, and / or flow sensors, which measure the amount of pressure medium flowing through the hydraulic motor.
    The said monitoring device 14 may further comprise the detection device 15, which monitors the depositing or unloading area 16 of the loading wagon 1, in which the harvest carpet 15 is unloaded. This detection device 15 may comprise an image detection device 18, for example in the form of one or more cameras, the images of unloaded harvest carpet 25 being analyzed by an analysis device 19, in particular with regard to thickness and / or width and / or contour of the unloaded crop material carpet 25, to be able to determine the unloaded volume of the crop material carpet. Instead of the said image detection device 18, other detection means such as, for example, contactless scanning sensors can also be provided, in order to be able to determine the said actual value of the unloaded crop material carpet 25, as was explained earlier.
    Furthermore, the monitoring device 14 may comprise a detection device 21 for detecting the crop in the inflow area of the metering roller 7. As Fig. 1 shows, this detection device 21 for the supply area of the dosage can also comprise an image detection device 22, for example in the form of one or more cameras, which observe the loading space 5 in the area of the metering rollers 7. On the basis of the recorded image, it is possible to determine, by means of an analysis device 23, how high or how thick or how wide the crop stock supplied to the metering rollers 7 is or what shape it is. Alternatively or additionally, scanning sensors 24 can also be provided for determining the quantity of harvested goods in the inflow area or in the unloading area of the metering roller 7.
    Further detection sensors, for example for detecting the cutting pressure when harvesting the crop, or for detecting the density of the picked crop, or for detecting the filling level of the loading space can also be connected to the control device 9, so that the said control device 9 can use these additional parameters for controlling the unloading dosing device.
    Various control or control scenarios can occur here: for example, if the speed of the loading wagon 1 is increased at a speed of the loading wagon around and near an optimum operating point, the control device 9 increases the speed of the metering roller 7 and the speed of the unloading bottom 8 and advantageously in such a way that on the one hand no accumulation occurs at the metering roller 7 and on the other hand a crop material carpet 25 is unloaded with a uniform thickness or with a constant volume.
    When the driving speed is reduced from a speed of the loading wagon located close to the optimum operating point, the control device 9 provides an analog control, ie the speed of the metering rollers 7 can be reduced and / or the transport speed of the unloading floor 8 can be correspondingly be reduced to unload a constant harvest carpet 25.
    If, on the other hand, the monitoring device 14 establishes that with a constant driving speed the torque on the metering rollers 7 increases or the power consumption of the metering roller drive 17 increases and / or the load on the unloading floor 8 increases, then that control device 9 can increase the speed of the metering rollers. 7 and / or additionally increase the driving speed, in order to obtain a constant feed carpet. Alternatively, the driving speed can also be kept constant, whereby the feed carpet can then be kept constant, if necessary, by reducing the dosing roll speed 7. Conversely, if there is a decrease in the torque of the metering roller 7 or power consumption of the metering roller drive 17 and / or a decrease in the load on the unloading floor 8, the metering roller speed can be increased and / or the travel speed can be reduced in order to obtain constant feed carpet.
    If, on the other hand, the monitoring device 14 establishes via the said detection device 15 that the unloaded harvested carpet 25 in the unloading area 16 becomes thinner or otherwise smaller, then the control device 9 can increase the conveying speed of the unloading floor 8 and / or the speed of the dosing roller. 7, to unload a larger crop quantity. Alternatively or additionally, the control device 9 can reduce the driving speed.
    Conversely, if an increase in the unloaded crop material carpet is detected by the detection device 15, the dosing roller speed can be reduced analogously and / or the unloaded soil speed lowered and / or the driving speed increased.
    权利要求:
    Claims (16)
    [1]
    An agricultural harvesting machine, in particular a loading wagon, with a loading space (5) and a loading dosing device (6) for unloading and dosing harvested goods from / from the loading space (5), characterized in that a monitoring device (14) for monitoring at least one first unloading operation parameters characteristic of the unloading progress, and a control device (9) for controlling the unloading progress, which, depending on the detected first unloading operating parameter, automatically makes at least one control signal available for controlling a second unloading operating parameter .
    [2]
    Agricultural harvesting machine according to the preceding claim, wherein the monitor device (14) monitors as a unloading operating parameter a metering roller torque and / or a power consumption of the unloading dosing device (6) and / or the geometry and / or density of the unloaded harvested carpet.
    [3]
    An agricultural harvesting machine according to one or more of the preceding claims, wherein the monitor device (14) monitors several unloading operating parameters and / or the control device (9) makes several control signals available for controlling several unloading operating parameters in dependence on one or more monitored unloading operating parameters.
    [4]
    An agricultural harvesting machine according to one or more of the preceding claims, wherein the monitoring device (14) comprises a load meter for measuring the load of the unloading dosing device (6) as the first unloading operating parameter.
    [5]
    Agricultural harvesting machine according to one or more of the preceding claims, wherein the unloading dosing device (6) comprises at least one rotatable drivable dosing roller (7) and / or a storage floor conveyor, preferably in the form of a loose bottom (8), and the monitoring device ( 14) includes torque determining means for determining the driving torque of the metering roller and / or conveying resistance determining means for determining the conveying resistance of the storage floor conveyor and / or power consumption determining means for determining the power consumption of a metering roller drive and / or a storage floor drive.
    [6]
    An agricultural harvesting machine according to one or more of the preceding claims, wherein the unloading dosing device (6) comprises a dosing device drive with at least one electrically or hydraulically driven motor and the monitoring device (14) an electric and / or hydraulic key-size determining device for determining an electric and / or comprises hydraulic working caliber magnitude of the electric or hydraulic motor and the control device (9) controls at least one unloading operating parameter in dependence on the determined electric or hydraulic calibrating magnitude.
    [7]
    Agricultural harvesting machine according to one or more of the preceding claims, wherein the monitoring device (14) comprises at least one detection device (15) for detecting shape and / or thickness and / or width and / or the cross-section and / or condition of the unloaded harvested carpet as the first unloading company parameter.
    [8]
    An agricultural harvesting machine according to the preceding claim, wherein the detection device (15) comprises at least one image detection device (18) directed at the unloading area (16) and an analysis device (19) for analyzing the captured images and thus determining the shape and / or thickness and / or width and / or the cross-section and / or the volume and / or condition of the unloaded harvested carpet.
    [9]
    An agricultural harvesting machine according to any one of the two preceding claims, wherein the detection device (15) comprises at least one non-contact scanning device (20), preferably in the form of a radar sensor and / or an ultrasonic sensor and / or a sound sensor. for scanning the unloaded harvested carpet and the control device (9) controls at least one unloading operating parameter in dependence on the scanning signal and / or a signal derived therefrom from the scanning device (20).
    [10]
    An agricultural harvesting machine according to one or more of the preceding claims, wherein the monitoring device (14) comprises at least one detection device (21) directed at the inflow area of the unloading dosing device (6) for determining the shape and / or thickness and / or width and / or height and / or the volume and / or the density of the crop delivered to the unloading dosing device (6).
    [11]
    An agricultural harvesting machine according to the preceding claim, wherein the detection device (21) comprises an image detection device (22) for capturing an image of the harvested material arriving at the unloading dosing device (6) and an analysis device (23) for analysis of the captured image and determination of the shape and / or thickness and / or width and / or height and / or the volume and / or the density and / or the cross-section of the crop and the control device that arrive at the unloading dosing device (6) controls at least one unloading operating parameter, in particular the unloading bottom speed, in dependence on the captured image and / or a quantity derived therefrom.
    [12]
    12. Agricultural harvesting machine according to one or more of the preceding claims, wherein the monitoring device (14) comprises driving speed determining means for determining the driving speed and / or filling level determining means for determining the filling position of the harvested goods storage and / or swath detection means for detecting the comprises crop material swath to be included in the harvested goods storage and / or cutting force determining means for determining the cutting force occurring during picking up of the harvested goods.
    [13]
    An agricultural harvesting machine according to one or more of the preceding claims, wherein the control device (9) acts as a second unloading operating parameter a transport speed of the unloading dosing device (6), in particular a metering roll speed and / or an unloading bottom speed, depending on a signal from the monitor device (14).
    [14]
    An agricultural harvesting machine according to the preceding claim, wherein the control device (9) varies the transport speed of the unloading dosing device (6) relative to the driving speed and / or with the same driving speed.
    [15]
    Agricultural harvesting machine according to one or more of the preceding claims, wherein the control device (9) provides a control signal for the travel speed of the harvesting machine, the control signal for the travel speed of the control device (9) relative to the transport speed or at constant transport speed of the unloading dosing device (6) is variable.
    [16]
    An agricultural harvesting machine according to one or more of the preceding claims, wherein the control device (9) is designed such that with increasing loading of the unloading dosing device (6) detected by the monitor device (14) and / or with increasing loading by the monitor device ( 14) detected unloaded harvested goods quantity the transport speed of the unloading dosing device (6), in particular a dosing roll speed, is reduced and / or the travel speed of the harvesting machine is increased, and / or when the loading of the unloading dosing device detected decreases (14) 6) and / or decreasing unloaded harvested goods quantity detected by the monitoring device (14) the transport speed of the unloading dosing device (6) and / or the travel speed of the harvesting machine is reduced.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    DE102013005842A1|2013-12-24|
    NL2010688C2|2015-01-13|
    DE202012006091U1|2013-09-24|
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE202012006091U|DE202012006091U1|2012-06-22|2012-06-22|Agricultural harvester|
    DE202012006091|2012-06-22|
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